عرض مصدر AMBN

{{Infobox_gene}}

'''Ameloblastin (enamel matrix protein)''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the AMBN [[gene]].
<ref name="entrez">
{{cite web
| title = Entrez Gene: Ameloblastin (enamel matrix protein)
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/258
| accessdate = 2014-05-27 <!-- T03:31:43.754994-08:00 --> 
}}</ref>

==Function==
'''Ameloblastin''', also known as '''amelin''', is a gene-specific protein found in [[tooth]] [[tooth enamel|enamel]]. Although less than 5% of enamel consists of protein, ameloblastins comprise 5%-10% of all enamel protein. This protein is formed by [[ameloblast]]s during the early secretory to late maturation stages of [[amelogenesis]]. Although not completely understood, the function of ameloblastins is believed to be in controlling the elongation of enamel crystals and generally directing enamel mineralization during [[tooth development]].

Other significant proteins in enamel are [[amelogenin]]s, [[enamelin]]s, and [[tuftelin]]s.

This gene encodes the nonamelogenin enamel matrix protein ameloblastin. The encoded protein may be important in enamel matrix formation and mineralization. This gene is located in the calcium-binding phosphoprotein gene cluster on chromosome 4. Mutations in this gene may be associated with dentinogenesis imperfect and autosomal dominant amylogenesis imperfect. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011].

==Clinical aspect==
Mutations in AMBN cause {{SWL|type=mutation_results_in|target=amelogenesis imperfecta|label=amelogenesis imperfecta}}.<ref>{{Cite journal
 | pmid = 24858907
| year = 2014
| author1 = Poulter
| first1 = J. A.
| title = Deletion of ameloblastin exon 6 is associated with amelogenesis imperfecta
| journal = Human Molecular Genetics
| last2 = Murillo
| first2 = G
| last3 = Brookes
| first3 = S. J.
| last4 = Smith
| first4 = C. E.
| last5 = Parry
| first5 = D. A.
| last6 = Silva
| first6 = S
| last7 = Kirkham
| first7 = J
| last8 = Inglehearn
| first8 = C. F.
| last9 = Mighell
| first9 = A. J.
| doi = 10.1093/hmg/ddu247
 | volume=23
 | pages=5317–5324

}}</ref>

== References ==

{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==

{{refbegin | 2}}
*{{Cite journal
 | pmid = 10634581
| year = 1999
| author1 = Bartlett
| first1 = J. D.
| title = Proteinases in developing dental enamel
| journal = Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine
| volume = 10
| issue = 4
| pages = 425–41
| last2 = Simmer
| first2 = J. P.
 | doi=10.1177/10454411990100040101
}}
*{{Cite journal
 | pmid = 9126491
| year = 1997
| author1 = MacDougall
| first1 = M
| title = Ameloblastin gene (AMBN) maps within the critical region for autosomal dominant amelogenesis imperfecta at chromosome 4q21
| journal = Genomics
| volume = 41
| issue = 1
| pages = 115–8
| last2 = Dupont
| first2 = B. R.
| last3 = Simmons
| first3 = D
| last4 = Reus
| first4 = B
| last5 = Krebsbach
| first5 = P
| last6 = Kärrman
| first6 = C
| last7 = Holmgren
| first7 = G
| last8 = Leach
| first8 = R. J.
| last9 = Forsman
| first9 = K
| doi = 10.1006/geno.1997.4643

}}
*{{Cite journal
 | pmid = 21761392
| year = 2011
| author1 = Kuroda
| first1 = S
| title = Ameloblastin is not implicated in bone remodelling and repair
| journal = European cells & materials
| volume = 22
| pages = 56–66; discussion 66–7
| last2 = Wazen
| first2 = R
| last3 = Sellin
| first3 = K
| last4 = Tanaka
| first4 = E
| last5 = Moffatt
| first5 = P
| last6 = Nanci
| first6 = A
}}
*{{Cite journal
 | pmid = 19661317
| year = 2009
| author1 = Perdigão
| first1 = P. F.
| title = Mutation of ameloblastin gene in calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
| journal = Anticancer research
| volume = 29
| issue = 8
| pages = 3065–7
| last2 = Carvalho
| first2 = V. M.
| last3 = De Marco
| first3 = L
| last4 = Gomez
| first4 = R. S.
}}
*{{Cite journal
 | pmid = 20854943
| year = 2011
| author1 = Tamburstuen
| first1 = M. V.
| title = Ameloblastin expression and putative autoregulation in mesenchymal cells suggest a role in early bone formation and repair
| journal = Bone
| volume = 48
| issue = 2
| pages = 406–13
| last2 = Reseland
| first2 = J. E.
| last3 = Spahr
| first3 = A
| last4 = Brookes
| first4 = S. J.
| last5 = Kvalheim
| first5 = G
| last6 = Slaby
| first6 = I
| last7 = Snead
| first7 = M. L.
| last8 = Lyngstadaas
| first8 = S. P.
| doi = 10.1016/j.bone.2010.09.007
}}
*{{Cite journal
 | pmid = 11054529
| year = 2000
| author1 = Toyosawa
| first1 = S
| title = Cloning and characterization of the human ameloblastin gene
| journal = Gene
| volume = 256
| issue = 1–2
| pages = 1–11
| last2 = Fujiwara
| first2 = T
| last3 = Ooshima
| first3 = T
| last4 = Shintani
| first4 = S
| last5 = Sato
| first5 = A
| last6 = Ogawa
| first6 = Y
| last7 = Sobue
| first7 = S
| last8 = Ijuhin
| first8 = N
 | doi=10.1016/s0378-1119(00)00379-6
}}
*{{Cite journal
 | pmid = 18781068
| year = 2008
| author1 = Patir
| first1 = A
| title = Enamel formation genes are associated with high caries experience in Turkish children
| journal = Caries Research
| volume = 42
| issue = 5
| pages = 394–400
| last2 = Seymen
| first2 = F
| last3 = Yildirim
| first3 = M
| last4 = Deeley
| first4 = K
| last5 = Cooper
| first5 = M. E.
| last6 = Marazita
| first6 = M. L.
| last7 = Vieira
| first7 = A. R.
| doi = 10.1159/000154785
| pmc = 2820320
}}
*{{Cite journal
 | pmid = 9032019
| year = 1996
| author1 = Lee
| first1 = S. K.
| title = Ameloblastin expression in rat incisors and human tooth germs
| journal = The International journal of developmental biology
| volume = 40
| issue = 6
| pages = 1141–50
| last2 = Krebsbach
| first2 = P. H.
| last3 = Matsuki
| first3 = Y
| last4 = Nanci
| first4 = A
| last5 = Yamada
| first5 = K. M.
| last6 = Yamada
| first6 = Y
}}
*{{Cite journal
 | pmid = 17331365
| date=November 2006 |language=zh
| author1 = Niu
| first1 = C. H.
| title = [Mutation and polymorphism of the ameloblastin gene in ameloblastomas]
|journal=中华口腔医学杂志 [Chinese journal of stomatology]
| volume = 41
| issue = 11
| pages = 678–81
| last2 = Li
| first2 = T. J.
}}

{{refend}}

{{NLM content}}

[[Category:Teeth]]


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